第49章 《明实录》的校勘整理(2 / 2)

傅大炮传奇 实朴 1237 字 2023-10-02

李晋华及其助手为了校勘明实录,仍留居北平。他们手中有两个版本,又从几个大学借到几个版本,但即便是这些版本,也有共同缺失处,缺失是不可避免的,但他们还是想搞得尽可能全些。

这时访得浙江吴兴县南浔刘承幹嘉业堂,所藏明实录比较完整。

嘉业堂藏书楼,系刘镛孙刘承幹于1920年所建,因清帝溥仪所赠“钦若嘉业”九龙金匾而得名。

嘉业堂藏书楼,规模宏大,藏书丰富,原书楼与园林合为一体,以收藏古籍闻名,是中国近代著名的私家藏书楼之一。

1936年11月,李晋华那廉君赶到嘉业堂,就所中所缺部份借钞借校。

嘉业堂所藏熹宗实录,其实是熹宗七年都察院实录。这一书及嘉业堂所藏崇祯实录,均“中央史语所”所,遂亦传钞一部,另外还钞了不少的书。

李晋华那廉君的这次补钞补校,最值得一提的是他们对世宗实录的校勘。

世宗实录广本与晒蓝本的出入最大,常整段多出,有时同记一桩事,而造语遣辞也不同。他们利用嘉业堂所藏天一阁本及抱本,就这些出入最大处,雠校一过。密行细字,据广本阁本所补,有些地方多达几千字。审其字体,均系李晋华那廉君笔迹。其中出入既那么大,则嘉业堂所藏本是应该从头到尾校勘一过了。

虽然嘉业堂主人刘承幹,对李晋华那廉君二人热情接待,也极力提供方便,但住在那里实非长久之计,李晋华认为还是买下为好。

于是,1937年春,傅斯年派那廉君、张政烺去浙江吴兴县南浔镇,以重金购得刘氏嘉业堂藏本。

李晋华以连年工作辛劳,不幸于民国二十六年二月七日病逝。其三位助手也先后离职。傅斯年又从北京大学选拔王崇武、吴相湘、姚家积三位高材生来史语所,继续从事家业堂本《明实录校勘工作。不久吴、姚相继离职,王崇武于抗日战争期间随史语所辗转迁徙,继续从事校勘工作,直到1948年赴英为止。

1938年史语所迁至昆明,这时红格晒蓝本《明实录与广言馆本已对校完毕,为尽快公布校勘成果,傅斯年决定将《明实录校勘本送香港刊印。他亲自审阅校勘结果,杀青定稿,在底本上写批语,作标记。遇有异文,便用“△”标出,打算双行排在正文下边。凡须提行顶格排印者,则以“:”标出。他嫌校语冗长,不便阅读,遂用红笔直接改正红格晒蓝本误字,而将原来的校语略去。有的地方有必要保留校语,便用红笔批示:“此条存”。有些异文难以决断孰是孰非,便批一“查”字,由王崇武查阅各本,再作校注。傅斯年亲自校勘了《太祖实录36卷,这虽然只占整个《明实录的一小部分,但这毕竟是筚路蓝缕之举。

史语所迁到台湾后,《明实录的校勘工作一度中断,至50年代中期恢复,60年代初最终完成并付梓印行。

此外,在傅斯年寻求新材料的学术思想指导下,史语所陆续购入上自先秦,下至民国的金石拓片25000多张,33800多卷。其中多属张钫、刘体智、柯昌泗及北平翰茂斋旧藏,而以柯昌泗所藏最为精要。这些拓片不少为史语所独家收藏,是史料价值很高的稀世珍品。其中仅唐代墓志铭就有3000余张,为探讨唐代人物与社会结构之重要史料。史语所藏有民国初年刘复为研究民间文艺而征集的俗曲本子及史语所建立后陆续在各地搜集的曲本,也是一种颇有特色的新史料。史语所的学者们对于敦煌卷子的搜求与整理,对汉魏竹简特别是居延汉简的整理与研究,也取得了举世瞩目的成绩。

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