第四百一十五章 土地问题是顽疾(2 / 2)

寒门首辅 一袖乾坤 1037 字 2022-04-20

“四明说的在理,边镇的事情交给应宁、介夫去做,为他们遮风挡雨的事便交给老夫好了。”

作为内阁首辅,李东阳该有的气度还是有的。如今刘瑾被贬,钱宁丧权,正是河清海晏的好兆头。只要再解决了鞑靼边患,大明将迎来盛世太平。

李东阳的梦想便是致君尧舜上,再使民风淳。现如今这个梦想越来越接近实现,这让他欣喜不已。

回想起先帝驾崩,新君即位的动荡,李东阳直是唏嘘不已。

刘健致仕,马文升致仕、刘大夏致仕、韩文惨死狱中......

若不是谢慎力挽狂澜,还真不知道现在朝野上下会被搞成什么样子。

想到八虎弄权,钱宁跋扈的场景,李东阳便是一阵心悸,不由得又对谢慎感激了几分。

谢慎心情自然也不错。虽然历史并没有彻底被改写,但他多少发挥了穿越者的作用。

八虎中七虎还在,但领头大哥刘瑾已经去南京守陵。江彬还在,可钱宁已经被贬到了南昌。

总的态势还是好的,当徐徐图之,也不能指望一蹴而就啊。

“老大人高义,谢某佩服。”

谢慎由衷的夸了一句。对于李东阳,他还是很钦佩的。

在原本历史中,刘健谢迁都在正德元年致仕,唯独李东阳一人留下苦苦支撑。

有时候补锅匠更值得钦佩,因为他有明知不可为而为之的勇气。

“等这件事尘埃落定,某准备上书陛下,在全国范围内重新丈量土地。”

谢慎这句话让李东阳和谢迁惊讶不已,李首辅疑惑道:“好好的,怎么要重新丈量土地呢?”

谢慎解释道:“大明建国之初曾经在全国丈量过土地,行均田,留有《鱼鳞图册》。如今已经过去百余年,土地兼并严重,许多农户早已失去了土地,不得不给地主做佃农,过着勉强果腹的日子。其土地兼并速度之快,绝不是仅靠买卖,而是乡里族人向举人、进士投献土地以求免除税赋造成的。”

稍顿了顿,谢慎接道:“此事若是置之不理,矛盾将会越积累越严重,最后到了无法收拾的地步。谢某的意思是,先在全国范围内重新丈量土地,命地主将侵吞投献的土地归还回去。继而推进田税改革,将实物税改为统一征收银两,这样保守估计我大明的税赋都将翻番!”

李东阳沉默了片刻,叹息道:“四明你说的不错,这种情况一直都存在。但你想过没有,为什么百余年来土地兼并越来越严重呢。”

谢慎淡淡道:“人心使然。”

“对,人心使然啊。”

李东阳苦笑道:“且不说别人,便是老夫和于乔还有你四明,若是致仕回乡不也是地主吗?族人来投献土地,难道我们能不受吗?”

这便是问题所在了。

明代士大夫免除税赋一条绝对是顽疾。

税还好说,徭役这东西便更恼人了。

以至于在明朝后期出现了代替徭役的职业人。只要给他们一笔银子,他们就可以代替雇主参加繁重的徭役。

谢慎想要进行税赋徭役改革,用银两征收代替实物征收和徭役,为的就是提高效率。

不过最大的阻力就是来自于士大夫内部。

这些士大夫以诗书礼仪传家,满口的孔孟道德却是最大的地主。叫他们把吞到口里的肥肉吐出来谈何容易。

谢慎虽然是内阁大学士,但仅靠他的力量是无法做到的。故而谢慎决定扶持一个群体以为助力,这个群体便是商贾。

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