第一千零九十九章 革马政(1 / 2)

兵部与五军都督府虽有文武之别,但在涉及到军队战斗力的问题时,其立场是一致的。

铁铉与徐辉祖的观点很明确:战马就是战斗力。

朱允炆看向杨士奇,平和地说:“说说你的理由吧,说服不了他们,又如何说服朕。”

杨士奇听出了朱允炆的弦外之音,皇上是支持自己的,可想要改变眼下的马政,需要充分的理由。

理由,有很多。

杨士奇出班,以洪亮的声音喊道:“皇上,臣之考虑有三点。其一,自洪武六年设置太仆寺,强行摊派民间百姓牧马至今已三十余年。江南十一户人家养一匹马,江北五户人家养一匹马。若养护不当,马驹病死,需百姓赔偿。”

“一匹马一年耗用,少说也要六两至八两钱钞,寻常百姓之家,忙碌一年剩余又有多少?拿出仅存钱钞去养马,百姓困顿,稍有疾病困难,便难以为继。民牧战马俨然成为苛政,百姓苦其久。”

徐辉祖皱眉。

苛政,这话是不是说得有点过了。

以江北论,五户人家分摊八两,一家一年也就合一两六钱,老百姓连这点钱都拿不出来吗?

杨士奇抬了抬笏板,继续说:“第二,民牧三十余年,虽有成效,然成效甚微。据臣所知,洪武三十年,民牧上缴战马合八千,然能充入军营,适合作骑兵的尚不足九百。”

“以民养马,如养牛羊,不善奔跑,以行远,且马瘦膘少,难适严寒边关之地。洪武三十一年,边关中奏报战马累冻病死七百余,大部出自民牧战马。臣不禁自问,行苛政,损人心,劳数百姓之力,尤不能得充裕战马,当真还要继续下去?”

铁铉看向徐辉祖,徐辉祖沉默不言。

没,百姓养马,养出来的往往只是马,不是战马,用来拉东西,走走短程还行,想要长途奔袭,辗转千里作战,难。

百姓谁会精通养马,他们的逻辑就是喂马草,伺候好吃喝,溜达溜达就行了。可这种养马方式,只能将好马养废!

战马战马,需要从小打基础,时不时奔跑、锻炼。

你让一个平日只跑一里路的短跑马,突然改跑三五十里路,战马受不了,也跑不动。加上民牧养出来的战马多数营养不良,个子不够,按照骑兵的标准遴选,确实许多马不能用,只能沦为拉马车、驮载货物的马。

这个现象的长期存在,也是大明养了三十年马,始终法支撑朝廷战马需求的一个原因。毕竟一次战役折损一万多战马,民间需要七八年才能补充上来。

朱允炆凝眸,看着杨士奇,有些震惊地问:“八千民牧之马,能入军营的不到九百?”

杨士奇肃然回道:“此事是否属实可问兵部。”

铁铉奈,只好硬着头皮回答:“杨阁所言不虚,然每年能有九百战马,也好过全一匹战马。”

朱允炆摆了摆手,挥退铁铉:“八千只得九百,朕要得一万战马,就需百姓养马十万不成?如此数目可谓触目惊心!”

杨士奇重重点头,再次说:“第三,祁连山马场已运作多年,每年可向朝廷输送战马不下四千。

在打败帖木儿之后,西疆天山马场随之建立起来,自建文七年初至今已两年多,明年开始便可向朝廷输送战马,预期每年不低于战马五千,加之太仆寺其他地方养育战马,每年朝廷可增战马一万三千余。”

“臣以为,年增一万三千战马,五年之后,朝廷战马保有量将突破二十五万,十年之后,战马数量将在四十万至五十万之间。臣以为,官牧有祁连山、天山两大马场,又有朵颜卫进贡,茶马古道、瓦拉鞑靼互市,朝廷已强制摊派百姓牧马的必要。”

朱允炆盘算着,打下哈密,打下亦力把里,占据天山南北,特别是与帖木儿的战役让大明一次获得了大量战马,给大明马政带来了极大改观,也带来了大量的优良马种,为天山马场打下了基础。

杨士奇的估计是靠得住的,大明现在也没有大型的战事要打,对战马的迫切已不如洪武年间。虽然大明与瓦剌、鞑靼迟早会几次,但朱允炆喜欢一劳永逸,要打,就彻底打服了,彻底控制住,而不会像历史上的洪武、永乐一样几次北伐。

洪武、永乐都是牛人,洪武一直想要消灭北元,可惜打了几次,折损不少,后来连马都没多少了,没有了深入的本钱。

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