第160章(1 / 2)

第160章

明代的棉纺织技术其实已经非常成熟。从轧花、弹棉花、纺纱,到织布,以及织好布后染色,都有先进的工具和工艺,比同时代西方丝毫不差。

那轧花来说,有搅车,是一种脚踏器械,只要一个人,自踏、自摇、自喂,一日可轧籽棉十斤,出皮棉三斤。弹花则有悬弓,将弹弓悬吊在缚在柱旁的弯竹竿顶端,可以省却时时举弓之劳,操作极为方便。

纺纱则有黄道婆改进的脚踏纺车,可同时纺四锭甚至五锭棉纱。至于织布,技术更为先进,罗织、交织各种织布技术非常成熟,有三梭罗、五梭罗、七梭罗各种品种,还能把棉、麻、丝混织,制成各种各样的布匹。

若是建立纺织工场的话,完全可以利用这些成熟的技术,制作纺织机械,雇佣工人,纺纱织布。有皇家为背景,成立这样一个纺织工场非常容易。

但是,这些纺织技术全都是靠人工完成,需要雇佣太多工人,费力费时不说,成本也高。

朱由检要做的是发明新的技术取代人力,极大的提高生产效率,这样才能和江南的棉布竞争,把大量的棉布卖向海外,这样才能赚大钱!

蒸汽机等机械在魂游后世的时候见过,朱由检看见过蒸汽火车、蒸汽轮船,更看见过更厉害的电动机械,但朱由检完全看不懂,根本不知道怎么回事,很多东西想描述都描述不出来。

也许可以把魂游看过的一些画面写出来,用以引导科学院这些天才,让他们往那个方向研究,也许这样大明可以发明出蒸汽机之类的东西,率先引发技术革命。但要想成功发明出来,还不知道需要多少年,朱由检根本等不及!

但是可以利用水力啊!前宋时便有水力纺车,只不过元乱时失传,为何不能重新制作出来,取代人力?科学院里有这个时代最优秀的技术人才,完全可以设计出一套可以利用水力的纺织机械!

在朱由检的重金奖赏和未来股权激励下,宋应星、王徵,还有邓玉函汤若望等人,开始了夜以继日的研究。徐光启甚至连内阁的会议都忘记参加,引得黄立极、施鳯来等大学士十分不满,还有御史弹劾徐光启玩物丧志!

他们首先让工匠把现在的纺织机械打制出来,然后开始研究如何利用水力使得这些机械自动运转。这些人都是绝顶聪明,很快便发明出来了水力纺纱机,水力搅车,水力织布机,但是织布的效率还是没有提高多少。

“我明白了,原来的脚踏纺纱车已经能同时纺四锭纱,咱们设计的水力纺纱机还是四锭,这样不行,应该重新设计,设计出至少能纺八锭甚至更多的纺纱机。”宋应星道。

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