第一百六十四章 海外贸易(2 / 2)

当时明宪宗专宠万贵妃,又任用宦官建立了西厂连兴大狱,皇后的吴氏因得罪万贵妃,被明宪宗给废了,这在朝廷之中引起的很大争议。所以当兵部尚书寻找书时,刘大夏怕皇帝受宦官蛊惑,浪费国帑,就说了一句气话:“三保下西洋费钱粮数十万,军民死且万计,纵得宝而回,于国家何益?此特一弊政,大臣所当谏也。旧案虽在,亦当煆之。”

就这句话被嘉靖年间的一位进士严从简记录在《殊域周咨录》中,民国年间交通史专家向达根据这句话,在《小说月报》中,痛批刘大夏焚烧郑和海图的罪恶行为,拜这篇文章所赐,刘大夏就成了焚毁郑和海图的“千古罪人”,一直被后人诟病。

刘大夏说的是“旧案虽在,亦当煆之”,什么意思?就是说《郑和出使水程》即使档案还在,也应当烧掉,这明显是气话。而且《大明律》中明文规定,官员若将“事关军机钱粮”的文件资料丢失,将受酷刑杖打,故意损毁就是抄家灭族了。所以刘大夏是不可能、也不敢烧毁《郑和出使水程》的。

秦睿写信给兵部尚书马文升,请求兵部能将郑和出使的资料,尤其是造船和航道资料,借给秦睿抄一本。秦睿再三声明,自己绝对不会浪费国帑来造船,所有费用出行将由自己出资。

结果,马文升贼精,收到信之后,眼珠一转,心想,这大财神什么时候干过亏本的买卖?立即回信,大致就是《郑和出使水程》肯定帮秦睿找到,但是兵部目前困难云云,话里话外就是这事,必须给兵部一部分好处。

经过几次你来我往,大明水师划拨一部分水手给秦睿,并提供技术支持和水手培训,兵部占三成份子,剩余七成归秦睿,事情才算定下来。去年,在秦睿造船的空档,水师招聘了一批民间水手,整整训练了一年,为秦睿训练了5000多名水手。

有船、有人、有货,剩下的就是航行安全了,这个问题主要在倭寇,但秦睿现在有制式步枪和多管机枪,这些问题都不会太大,只是训练问题,在海上和在陆地上不一样,船是随着海浪摇晃的,上一刻是瞄准,下一刻就不知道偏到哪里去了,多管机枪可以从容解决这个问题,无非就是子弹多少的问题。秦睿在每条船上加装了六门多管机枪,每门射界120度,可以覆盖商船两周。如果再有接近商船的海岛,就可以用步枪和手榴弹压制了。不过秦睿为了降低风险还是决定先灭一把倭寇再说。

倭寇起源于元末明初,当时日本手工业从农业中分离出来快速发展,因此需要大量的原材料,而这些原材料都靠元朝供给。但由于日本国内施行了严格的海禁政策,导致原材料无法满足日本手工业者的需求,比如当时一石蚕丝在元朝只要5两,而日本则是50两,如此高额的利润就刺激了一些人铤而走险。再加上当时日本南北封建诸侯割据,互相攻战,一些失败的南朝封建主,组织武士、商人和浪人进行武装走私和抢劫烧杀的海盗活动,才形成了倭寇。

在明朝嘉靖年间之前,虽然明太祖朱元璋严令“片板不得下海”,但被明成祖朱棣当成了厕所里的纸,擦屁股用了。

朱棣和日本双方建立了勘合贸易关系,明朝给予足利幕府贸易凭证,日本方面凭勘合来中国进贡,进行贸易,倭寇就很少了。直到成化年间,足利幕府势力衰弱,日本进入战国时代,各地大名开始抢夺堪合份额,没有抢到份额的大明,就开始当起海盗,劫掠往来大明与日本的商船,这段时间倭寇很少到大明侵扰。

直到大明出了个奇葩——明世宗嘉靖皇帝,他一上台就下令严禁造违式大船,凡是属于违禁海船的尽数毁掉,真正做到了朱元璋要求的“片板不得下海”,企图断绝一切海上联系和贸易往来。这事叔能忍,婶也不能忍啊。浙江、福建等地的中小商人,便勾结倭人,在海岛上建立据点,开始内外勾结劫掠大明闽浙等沿海地区,做起了无本买卖。

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