第621章 但我大受震撼(2 / 2)

新书 七月新番 2158 字 2022-04-20

“扬子云胆小,王莽执政时,子云卷入谋反案,天禄阁来了几位狱吏要拿他去审问,子云不敢争辩,吓得纵身从天禄阁跳了下去,摔成重伤,此二弊也。”

“子云二子先后夭折,执意将二子送回蜀郡老家安葬,来来回回花费巨资,本来日子便紧巴,如此更加艰难,处处举债。子云在著述中,明明通达圣贤之道,明白生死之理,不在贤人季札之下,可当真遇事,却失了理智,此乃其‘通人之蔽’也。”

数落着导致老朋友人生诸多不幸的种种弊病,桓谭仿佛又看到了他最穷途末路那几年的窘态,只觉得心中剧痛。

“但以上种种,皆不能抹杀子云之才。”

“想当年,京师有王公子弟听闻子云盖世之才,死时却湮没无闻,遂跑来问我,扬子云何人哉?”

“我回答说,才智开通,能入圣道,卓绝于众,这便是扬子云!”

“而新莽大司空王邑也来问我,桓君山,汝常称赞扬雄辞赋文章,真能传世否?”

“我回答说,必传!”

“但我与大司空,恐怕都看不到那一天,世人往往以貌取人,看到扬子云官位、俸禄、长相都不行,因此看不起他的文章。过去老子写了德、道两篇,后来文帝、景帝、司马迁,都以为五千言超过了五经。”

“扬子云好古而乐道,文章文采立意高远,以为经莫大于《易》,故作《太玄》;传莫大于《论语》,作《法言》;史篇莫善于《仓颉》,作《训纂》;箴莫善于《虞箴》,作《州箴》;以上种种,皆符合‘立言’之不朽!只可惜不受世人待见,但假如遇到英明之君主,为他称道,那么扬子云名声著述,必定会超过诸子百家,列在‘五经’之后称为‘经’。”

众人再度被震惊了,“经”是能随便加的么?经者,经天纬地,世之纲纪也!只有那些被尊奉为典范,可以指导人世的著作,方能得此殊名,除了儒家六经外,也就孝经被承认,而《道德经》一般只称老子五千言,尚未被士人公认,太玄何德何能?

桓谭却不顾众人目光,他今日非要将一切替老朋友的不值、不忿,统统说出来。

“但我错了。”

桓谭道:“王邑已死,确实看不到子云文章宣扬于世,但我看到了。”

“上有英明之主,下有雕版之技,子云著述,已经流传天下,而发扬光大的那天,便是今日!犹如阳光雨露,拂去蒙尘,终见真玉!”

桓谭言罢,朝第五伦和众人作揖,然后退而入席。

立言这一点,无人反对,扬雄简直是著作等身,而且要论艰涩,那些动辄百万字的五经训诂,岂不是更加难懂?与他们相比,扬雄的书反倒成了入门。

至于立功,更是众口一词:“子云教出了魏皇陛下,一举诛灭王莽,挽救天下,这便是最大的功勋啊!”

如此一来,本就板上钉钉的配享,便更加顺理成章,但私底下,仍有心里不太服气的大儒彼此交换眼神。

“听说,当年有人问桓谭:‘扬子云是西方的孔子,才贫困到这种地步,无孔子之贤,却有孔子之穷,此言可有理’?”

“而桓谭反驳,说此言无理,他曰:‘过去仲尼难道只是鲁国圣人?也是齐国、楚国的圣人!故而扬子云不独是西方孔子,更是东方孔子,当世孔子’!”

“扬子云文章如何我看不懂,但他有一点与孔子相同,便是教出了好弟子啊!”

而扬雄的“好弟子”,似乎还不满足,随着第五伦的点头暗示,王隆也站了出来,进一步提出,扬雄在“立德”上也有建树!

“夫子在《问道》一篇中有言,舜、禹继承尧的事业,推行尧之道,使得法度彰明,礼乐盛行,百姓富有,安居乐业,此为有道。而夏桀、殷纣则倒行逆施,使得法度废弃,礼乐丧失,百姓死于非命,此为无道。”

“圣人之学,应当因承有道,革除无道,自三代之后,又有文武周公至于孔子、孟子、荀子,道统代代相传,然而荀孟之后,礼乐崩坏,经典遗失,虽有伏生等辈追述,然已失正道本意,乃至于汉儒引阴阳谶纬入经,编造古事,怪力乱神,早已偏离道统,这才有了王莽乱天下之事。”

“直到夫子,道统再续,而陛下受学承志,听夫子敦敦教诲,诛灭新莽,因继道统,将再度开创盛世!”

好家伙,如此一来,扬雄就取代被汉儒推崇至极的董仲舒,补上了荀孟之后“道统”的承接,他们这一流派,俨然继承了真正的先王之道,成了儒学正宗!

至此,第五伦非要再曲阜召开这场学术会议的政治目的,也图穷匕见!

第五伦从始至终没有亲自下场干涉,却一直掌控着全局,他洞若观火地看着下头的骇然、震惊以及不甘又不敢冒头的种种情绪,手指轻轻敲打着案几,心中暗道:

“秀儿,你只搞些谶纬预言,来为自己张目,塑造帝位神授,还是落了下乘。”

“你看我,既然老师入了道统。”

“不就相当于,我也是道统正宗了么?”

……

PS:扬雄在魏晋南北朝到宋朝期间,地位确实很高,韩愈搞出道统说时,也将扬雄列入。

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