第020节新的东北军(2)(2 / 2)

东北边防公署秘书厅厅长:郑谦少将;副厅长:张志忻上校;

东北边防公署通讯厅厅长:蒋斌少将;副厅长:周大文上校;

东北边防公署军令厅厅长:王树常中将;副厅长:陈钦若少将;

东北边防军总司令:张学良上将;副总司令:张作相上将;总参谋长:杨宇霆中将;

东北边防军陆军司令:张学良上将;副司令:张作相上将;参谋长:杨宇霆中将;

东北边防军海军司令:张学良上将;副司令:沈鸿烈中将;参谋长:王兆麟少将;

东北边防军空军司令:张学良上将;副司令:冯庸中将;参谋长:张焕相少将;

辽宁省保安司令:于学忠中将;

吉林省保安司令:臧式毅中将;

热河省保安司令:汤玉麟中将;

黑龙江省保安司令:万福麟中将;

东北边防军宪兵司令:陈兴亚中将;副司令:邵文凯少将;

东北边防军炮兵总监:邹作华中将;副总监:吴克仁少将;

东北边防军骑兵总监:吴泰来少将;副总监:何柱国少将;

东北边防军工兵总监:李桂林少将;副总监:柏桂林少将;

东北边防军辎重兵总监:牛元峰少将;副总监:曹曜章上校;

东北边防军装甲兵总监:张学良上将;副总监:李振远少将;

东北边防军航空兵总监:张学良上将;副总监:冯庸中将;

通过这些军队职务可以看得出,张学良很重视东北军的传统强项,炮兵和骑兵,但又额外建立“装甲兵总监”和“航空兵总监”这两个新职务,并由自己亲自兼任,这也显示了他决心大力发展现代化战争所依赖的装甲兵和航空兵这两个新式兵种,使东北军逐步成为现代化军队。实际上,东北军此时在本质上还是一支比较落后的军阀部队,虽然比国内其他地方部队强很多,但距离世界列强的水平则难以望其项背。同时,东北军此时也很缺乏精通装甲兵作战、航空兵作战的现代军人,因此张学良不得不自己兼任装甲兵总监和航空兵总监两职。其实他也不懂这方面的知识,只能暂时先用自己“超越时代”的思想和目光来初步地指点东北军装甲部队和航空部队接下来的发展方向。值得一提的是,东北军空军副司令冯庸和张学良是私交关系非常亲密的好友,两人在同一年出生,是结义兄弟,并取了同样的表字“汉卿”。冯庸是奉系元老冯德麟的长子,冯德麟在东北的资历其实比张作霖还要老,当张作霖准备投身绿林的时候,冯德麟已是辽河地区著名的悍匪了。张作霖当土匪还是冯德麟介绍和引见的,可以说,冯德麟是张作霖的“绿林长辈”。袁世凯就任大总统后,把东北地区的部队改编为两个师:第27师和第28师。第27师的师长是张作霖,而第28师的师长就是冯德麟。由此可见,冯德麟资历之老,在奉系里是数一数二的。但冯德麟后来和张作霖争夺东北的最高权力并败北,不得不仆从于张作霖,从此失去了实权。尽管张学良和冯庸两人的父亲颇有恩怨,但两人却关系极好。而冯庸也极有才能,他崇尚“工业兴国、航空救国”,致力于发展中国本土的航空力量和培育人才,是难得的航空人才,他还拿出全部家产创办了冯庸大学。因此把东北的空军交给冯庸,张学良是一百个放心的。

南京的委任状飞来后,张学良直接成为了陆军上将,也是全国最年轻的上将(此时张学良才二十七岁),同时依照南京政府的委任状,而原北洋将领里,张作相、段祺瑞、王士珍、吴佩孚、孙传芳、曹锟是另外六个上将。当然,那五个曾经的北洋巨头此时已彻底失去实权,南京方面给他们一个上将军衔的头衔也是安抚他们,张学良安排这五个人担任东北军务委员会的委员,也是虚职,这五个人以及他们的很多原北洋各派军阀的老部下此时基本算是在东北养老了。另外还有四十多名奉军将领被授予中将军衔,一百五十余名奉军将领被授予少将军衔。此时的奉军已经位列中华民国国民政府的边防军,加入了国民革命军的序列,全称“中华民国国民革命军东北四省边防军”,简称“东北军”。虽然在名义上已经从割据势力的武装力量成为国家的边防军,但东北军此时在本质上仍和以前是一样的,游离于国民政府控制外,拥有极强的独立性和自主性。

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