第五十三章 帝国国会(2 / 2)

第三次机遇 月影梧桐 1533 字 2022-05-31

当然,除却联络感情外,对家乡议员招待的隐然还有其他方面工作地用意——即希望这些同乡在议院开会时对朝廷的抨击不要太过激进,希望他们能够体会朝廷的难处。特别是财政、工商、教育、职官等几个与地方打交道较多的衙门,更唯恐议员们发牢骚。

各种消息通过秘密渠道传到林广宇耳朵后,皇帝只是一笑:“同乡聚会,相互宴请,本来是人之常情,不宜太过紧张。更何况议院新办、国会初开,上上下下对中间规矩还不甚了解,彼此多打听消息,多掌握情况对宪政实属有益无害,要相信议员们的能力与识见。”

资政院的议员一共由200组成,在起初慈禧下令的诏书中,为保证持赞同朝廷态度的议员能获得多数地位,在章程中明确规定资政院议员钦定和民选各占其中一半,但由于正、副议长也由钦定,实际上钦定派拥有了潜在地左右多数力量。好在各地士绅只以召开国会为目标,对钦定人数过多也无意见。

但林广宇的思路远远与慈禧不同,亲政后颁布的《预备立宪纲要》中明确指出要增加民选议员的名额,在维新元年各省议局会议召开后,以上谕地形式对名额分配进行了调整。原本钦定议员中宗室王公世爵有14人,外藩王公世爵有14人,满汉+.部衙门官有32人,硕学通儒有10人,多::)纳税议员有

林广宇对此进行了大刀阔斧的调整:首先,是以设立弼德院为名,将宗室王公世爵、外藩王公世爵、满汉世爵、宗室觉罗的名额砍掉了一半,另外一半转移到弼德院;其次,硕学通儒的名额从10人人,资政院、弼德院各占一半;再次,多额纳税议员除保留2用于京畿大族外,其余全部分解至各省选举;最后,皇帝以军人和官员不能当选议员为由,砍掉了所有衙门官的名额,全部分解至各省民选。

最后一番折腾下来,200资政院议员名单中民选议员为165,钦定议员为35人,只占了六分之一强,民选议员占了绝对多数,还另外下诏,谓资政院首次开会其正副议长由皇帝提名后交该院选举,得票超过半数方可当选,今后资政院正副议长将由议员们自由推选,皇帝不做人选推荐,以显示最大限度的开诚布公与尊重民意。

表面上看,林广宇这番调整是朝廷放弃了原本可以掌握的多数局面,但对民心舆论而言,皇帝的举动恰好却显示了朝廷的诚意十足与用心良苦,昭示着“万机决于众议、庶政公诸舆论”决不是一句空话,其相应效果和对朝廷大计的拥戴反而超过赤裸裸的钦定半数局面。

弼德院因为标榜挑选“海内最富声名”的元老入选,钦定的比例比资政院略高一些,但也较慈禧时候进行了大改良。

弼德院议员名额同样是200,但因为任期6,3年更替其中一半的选举机制,首届弼德院召开之时只决定了100名额。这一百个名额中,钦定议员为35人,占了三分之一强,其余依旧由地方民.弼德院与资政院多少还有一些区别,首届弼德院的正副议长由皇帝指定,今后由皇帝推荐人选交全院选举决定。而且,弼德院作为国会上院,其召开日期也要晚于资政院三天。

首届弼德院的议长林广宇任命道光皇帝长支、贝勒伦担任,伦在宗室王公中属开明一派,为人温文尔雅,多年来一直远离权力漩涡,原本就任资政院总裁,因为资政院要体现民选特色,所以调任弼德院议长。

副议长林广宇挑选了康有为担任,虽然维新以来林广宇本人对康有为采用了敬而远之的态度,但康有为作为宪政旗手的地位依旧没有太大变化,他本人对自己的地位也没有过多抱怨和计较,而是投入了对各国宪政制度的研究,担任副议长也是名副其实。

十月初一,海内瞩目的帝国第一届国会与当日上午九时在帝国国会大厦隆重召开……第三次机遇 第三卷 第五十三章 帝国国会

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