0104 朱程理学对中国的影响(1 / 2)

当陈维崧与方以智赶到教室时,课程已经开始了,中华科学学堂的大教室做成像中华戏院一样的台阶式的可以坐300人的教室,如果不是杨子正会同一个内容会连讲三堂课,以此来分开同学上课的人数,估计这里挤一千多人都是有可能的。

杨子正在台上坐在课桌前,看到了偷偷溜进来的陈维崧与方以智,并看着他们两个来到了前排为他们留下的位置坐下。

杨子正只是给他们稍微点了下头示意,然后便继续读课。他从讲桌前站了起来,然后走到舞台的前端,这样方便他的声音能让更多的人听到。

“今天我们要讲的是朱程理学对中国的影响,大家都知道儒家只出了一圣三亚,也就是孔颜孟曾,孔子、颜回、孟子、曾子,他们四个人奠定了儒学的基础,也使儒学成为了一门完备的学说。”

“自此以孔颜孟曾为基础的儒学也影响了中华一千多年,以儒学为基础的中华文化也在大唐发展到了顶峰,大宋的前期也有前唐之风,风流人物层出不穷。”

“但是自从有了朱程理学,儒家又多了一圣,那就是朱子。朱子之后的儒学与朱子之前的儒学对天下对中华文化的影响有什么区别呢?朱子之前的儒学与中华文化更大气,更豪迈,更有包容心,更有进取心,有野心,有天下之心。但朱子这后的儒学与中华文化那就像是皇宫里的公公,去势了。”

“简单来说,中华自古以来都有一种气吞山河之风气,有豪迈万丈之品格,有豪放不羁之性格,且看大汉,一心想要驱虏扩土,能说出‘犯我强汉者虽远必诛’之豪言壮语,大汉又是强汉而亡。”

“哪怕是三国,也有英雄辈出,谋士满天下,文豪才情如江水一般。”

“又看大唐,能容天下,长安城内西域各夷的人们可定居在此,各种文化包罗万象。”

“甚至大唐时安西都护府驻军不过两万四千人,却守着方圆上万里的疆域,可以在大唐风雨飘摇之际独守安西都护府50年,那是西北诸外夷对大唐的惧怕,哪怕大唐衰败了都不敢反抗分毫。”

“大唐的诗人都是都是透着大气与豪迈,甚至连送别诗都是心情愉悦,比如李白的‘忽闻岸上踏歌声,桃花潭水深千尺,不及汪伦送我情。’,王勃的‘天涯若比邻,海内存知己’,还有,‘离离原上草,一岁一枯荣。野火烧不尽,春风吹又生。远芳侵古道,晴翠接荒城。又送王孙去,萋萋满别情。’都是充满了离别伤感却又含有无尽进取心与力量的诗句,就如那烧不尽的野草一般顽强的意志。”

“更有大唐之民风豪放,女人穿衣都是露出半球,胸以下衣襟敞开,这是女性敢于把自己的美貌自信的展现出来。看看如今的大明,恨不得把女性全部都裹成粽子。”

“而大唐之后呢?中国人的气质发生了什么样的变化?”

“在大宋初期时,我们还能看到第一女词人李清照的诗词是开放豪气,气势十足,有大胆的表达自己爱意的诗词,如《丑奴儿》‘春宵一刻值千金,花有清香月有阴’,有‘生当为人杰,死亦为鬼雄’。”

“文有苏轼、辛弃疾、王安石等文臣,更有十大名将的武将,可谓是人才济济,文坛活跃。”

“但是自从朱程理学出现后,‘存天理灭人欲’,我们的中国人气质就感觉发生了巨大的变化,变得不再豪迈,变得萎萎缩缩,缩手缩脚,变得失去了野心,变得没了气吞天下之雄心。社会对女子的要求越来越严,也自从朱程理学出现之后,重视起了贞洁牌坊这个东西。”

“贞洁牌坊是什么?是夸奖寡妇守节吗?我认为不是,这是逼得寡妇牺牲自己一辈子的自由,为丈夫守寡。这合理吗?站在男人的角度觉得别人就应该为我守寡,但站在女人的角度,那就是她一辈子要孤苦到死。男人死了倒是痛快,但却要用贞节二字来折磨女人一辈子,那是一辈子生不如死。”

“唐时有要求寡妇限期再嫁,鳏夫必须再娶,大宋初期都有寡妇再嫁之风,李清照就有再嫁张汝舟。”

“但为何到了朱程理学出来之后,这贞洁牌坊就盛行了?就规定女子不能再嫁了?难道朱程理学之前的儒家都是错的?如果朱程理学之前的儒家是错的,那是如何建立起大汉,大唐这样的大帝国的?”

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